“全國醫(yī)學博士外語考試：長難句拆分方法”相信是備考全國醫(yī)學博士外語水平考試的朋友比較關心的事情，為幫助學員朋友們理解，醫(yī)學教育網(wǎng)整理內(nèi)容如下，希望可以幫助到您！

1、標點符號：

比如，2個逗號形成插入語，破折號表示解釋說明，分號相當于“and”表示并列；

2、連詞：

并列句的并列連詞and、or、but、yet、for等，從句的從屬連詞which、that、when、how、if等；

3、介詞：

介詞引導介詞短語，介詞短語在句子中可充當定語、狀語等修飾成分；

4、不定式符號to：

不定式符號to引導不定式短語，在句子中除了可以充當主語、賓語、表語、補語等主干成分外，還可做定語、狀語等修飾成分；

5、分詞：

分詞包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞，在句子中可充當定語和狀語修飾成分。

下面我們就按照長難句拆分原則，依照這些拆分信號，結(jié)合考博英語閱讀或翻譯中的長難句進行實戰(zhàn)演練一下吧！

1、This trend began during the Second World War，when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.

（1）句子拆分

拆分點：從屬連詞、介詞、標點符號

This trend began∥during the Second World War，∥when several governments came to the conclusion∥that the specific demands∥that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen∥in detail.

（2）句子結(jié)構(gòu)

找謂語動詞（began，came，wants，cannot be foreseen）；

↓

找連詞（when，that，that）

↓

前面沒有從屬連詞的動詞即為主句的謂語動詞

↓

確定主從句

主句：This trend began during the Second World War；

從句：定語從句when several governments came to the conclusion修飾the Second World War，本從句嵌套著一個二級從句即同位語從句that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail修飾conclusion和一個三級從句that引導的定語從句that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment修飾demands.

（3）解析

during the Second World War介詞短語做狀語；when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail做定語修飾the Second World War；that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail同位語從句修飾conclusion；that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment修飾demands.

（4）本句的參考譯文

這種趨勢始于第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，當時一些國家的政府得出結(jié)論：政府向科研機構(gòu)提出的要求通常是無法詳盡預見的。

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