“醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語(yǔ):完全倒裝”相信是準(zhǔn)備醫(yī)學(xué)考博的朋友想要了解的事情,為此,醫(yī)學(xué)教育網(wǎng)小編整理以下內(nèi)容,希望可以幫助您!
倒裝用于表示一定的句子結(jié)構(gòu)或強(qiáng)調(diào)某一句子成分。倒裝句有兩種:完全倒裝和部分倒裝。
完全倒裝
1)完全倒裝即把整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)放到主語(yǔ)之前(是整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,而非助動(dòng)詞)。
例如:The teacher came in and the class began.(沒有倒裝)
In came the teacher and the class began.(老師走了進(jìn)來(lái),然后開始上課。)
2)there引出的完全倒裝句:除了最常見的there be句型以外,there還可以接appear,exist,lie,remain,seem to be,stand等,一般都譯成"有"的含義,構(gòu)成完全倒裝句。
例如:There appeared to be a man in black in the distance.(遠(yuǎn)處有個(gè)穿黑色衣服的人。)
3)由地點(diǎn)和時(shí)間副詞引出的完全倒裝句:以地點(diǎn)副詞here,there和時(shí)間副詞now,then開頭,后面的動(dòng)詞是be,come,exist,fall,follow,go,lie,remain,seem,stand等,而主語(yǔ)又是名詞時(shí),構(gòu)成完全倒裝句。Up climbed the boy when his mother came.
4)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)方向的副詞或地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)置于句首,謂語(yǔ)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞且主語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)使用完全倒裝
5)在強(qiáng)調(diào)狀語(yǔ)時(shí)1)當(dāng)句首狀語(yǔ)為方位詞或擬聲詞,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為go,come等表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞時(shí)句子須倒裝。例如:
1 Up went the plane.
2 In came the chairman and the meeting began.
注:如果主語(yǔ)是代詞則不發(fā)生倒裝。例如:
1 Out they rushed!
2 Lower and lower he bent.
(2)當(dāng)句首狀語(yǔ)為表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組時(shí),句子須倒裝。例如:
1 Round the corner walked a large policeman.
2Under the table was lying a half-conscious young man.
3當(dāng)句首狀語(yǔ)由“only+副詞”,“only+介詞詞組”,“only+狀語(yǔ)從句”構(gòu)成時(shí),句子須倒裝。例如:
1 Only yesterday did he find out that his watch was missing.(不屬于完全倒裝)
2 Only because there were some cancelled bookings did he get some tickets in the end.
(6)當(dāng)句首狀語(yǔ)為here,there,now,then等時(shí),句子須倒裝,主語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí),句子不用倒裝。例如:
1)Here is a ticket for you.
2)Now comes your turn.
3)Here he comes.
(7)以關(guān)聯(lián)詞so(…that)開頭的句子中,句子須倒裝。例如:
1)So small was the mark that I could hardly see it.
2)So quickly did the workmen finish their work that they were given a bonus.
3)So much does he worry about his financial position that he can‘t sleep at night.
注:在該結(jié)構(gòu)中,“so+形容詞”是表語(yǔ)的前置:“so+副詞”是狀語(yǔ)的前置。
在直接引語(yǔ)之后
在敘事性書面語(yǔ)中,直接引語(yǔ)后常跟asked Mary,answered John,said the old lady,grunted Peter之類的詞語(yǔ)。在這些
詞語(yǔ)中,動(dòng)詞常的主語(yǔ)之前,主語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí),不用倒裝。例如:
1)“What do you mean?”asked Henry.
2)“What do you mean?”he asked.
often,many a time等表示頻度的狀語(yǔ)置于句首時(shí)
例如:Often did they think of going there,but they never had a chance.
12.在as,though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中
在as,though引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中,一般將形容詞、副詞或名詞等置于句首。例如:
1)Small as the atom is,we can smash it.
2)Big as the workpiece is,it is turned out with
Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.轟炸機(jī)肚底下竄出一枚導(dǎo)彈。
Out he rushed.
注意:
1)在here,there引出的倒裝句中,當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是普通名詞時(shí)用完全倒裝句,但當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是代詞時(shí),就要用部分倒裝句。
例:Here comes the postman!(郵遞員終于來(lái)了!注意實(shí)意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞位于主語(yǔ)之前。)
Here we are.(我們到了。注意系動(dòng)詞位于主語(yǔ)代詞之后。)
2)當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是代詞,謂語(yǔ)是系動(dòng)詞,表語(yǔ)是說(shuō)明性的詞、詞組和定語(yǔ)從句時(shí),可以使用完全倒裝句,起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用。
例:Lucky is he who has been enrolled into a famous university.(他真幸運(yùn),被一所名牌大學(xué)錄取了。)
Typical for China is the crosstalk show where a pair of comedians entertains the audience with word play.(中國(guó)典型的是相聲表演,兩個(gè)喜劇演員通過文字游戲逗樂觀眾)
以上是醫(yī)學(xué)教育網(wǎng)小編整理的“醫(yī)學(xué)考博英語(yǔ):完全倒裝”全部?jī)?nèi)容,想了解更多醫(yī)學(xué)考博知識(shí)及內(nèi)容,請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊醫(yī)學(xué)教育網(wǎng)。